Compared to boys, girls received more regular household support ( p =. Among caregivers recalling support before their child turned 15, most reported monthly or bimonthly support (52%), and their satisfaction with HEP services was also high (fully satisfied: 68%) ( Table A5). In line with HEP’s gradual roll-out, household support for boys and girls at age 12 was 32% and 34%, respectively and at age 15 it was 68% and 63%, respectively. Moderate stunting corresponds to a height-for-age z-score below minus two and severe stunting corresponds to a height-for-age z-score below minus three standard deviations lower than the mean on the World Health Organization child growth standards. For this we used IPTW based on the generalized propensity score proposed by Imbens [ Finally, we investigated the influence of dose-wise exposure to HEP and study outcomes according to frequency and duration of HEP support. Adjusted probability differences and adjusted mean differences were used to compare the scenarios: “No HEP” and “HEP” for HEP outcome associations with p <. Logistic regression was used for binary outcomes and linear regression for continuous outcomes. Associations between HEP and study outcomes were then estimated by regression, weighting unexposed participants as 1/(1−propensity score) and exposed participants as 1/propensity score, and adjusting models for a binary indicator of experiencing drought over follow-up, which remained unbalanced across HEP exposure groups after weighting. We assessed balance of covariates between exposure groups using standardized mean differences. First, propensity scores were estimated separately for boys and girls using logistic regression, in which HEP exposure was regressed on all 11 round 1 covariates. This threshold was previously associated with worse education outcomes in Ethiopia [ We'd love to get your feedback.] (2) very good health, measured as scoring five on a five-point scale ranging from very poor to very good (3) fertility knowledge, measured as correct responses to both true/false statements “a woman/girl cannot get pregnant the first time she has sex” and “If a girl washes herself after sex she will not get pregnant” (4) sexually transmitted infection (STI) knowledge, measured as correct responses to the true/false statements “Using a condom can prevent getting a disease through sex,” “A person who looks very healthy cannot pass on a disease through sex,” and “A person can get HIV or AIDS by having sex” (5) no child marriage, measured as no self-reported marriage before the international and national legal age of 18 (6) no adolescent pregnancy, measured as no self-reported pregnancy or birth before age 20 (7) low/no alcohol use, measured as consuming alcohol no more than once per week (8) education enrolment, measured as enrolment in formal education during the survey year (9) <3 hours of domestic activities per day, which included household chores and caring for others.
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